2023 Endorsed County Judge Candidates
Deb Ryan
Judge, Court of Common PleasDeb Ryan has dedicated her entire 24-year career as an attorney to public service as a prosecutor, advocate for children, and as District Attorney. In 2019, she was elected as the first woman and first Democrat DA in our county’s history. Deb has successfully handled thousands of cases in the Cou...Read More

Deb Ryan
Deb Ryan has dedicated her entire 24-year career as an attorney to public service as a prosecutor, advocate for children, and as District Attorney. In 2019, she was elected as the first woman and first Democrat DA in our county’s history. Deb has successfully handled thousands of cases in the Court of Common Pleas including homicides, child abuse, domestic violence, and sexual assaults. As a judge, she will be committed to the integrity of the courts, the protection of individual rights, and the due process of law.
Nicole Forzato
Judge, Court of Common PleasJudge Nicole Forzato is serving on the Court of Common Pleas, after being appointed to the bench by Governor Wolf in 2022. Before her appointment, Judge Forzato was the first female and first democrat chief legal officer of Chester County. During her over twenty year legal career, she gained ext...Read More

Nicole Forzato
Judge Nicole Forzato is serving on the Court of Common Pleas, after being appointed to the bench by Governor Wolf in 2022. Before her appointment, Judge Forzato was the first female and first democrat chief legal officer of Chester County. During her over twenty year legal career, she gained extensive litigation experience in civil, criminal and orphans court matters. She worked alongside Governor Shapiro for eight years in different roles including as a Senior Deputy Attorney General.
Fredda Maddox
Judge, Court of Common PleasWith a legacy of serving the Chester County community, Sheriff Maddox has protected our families and has been a tireless advocate fighting for the legal rights of marginalized individuals for more than 25 years. Fredda has represented the accused and the accuser, the abused and the abuser, the privi...Read More

Fredda Maddox
With a legacy of serving the Chester County community, Sheriff Maddox has protected our families and has been a tireless advocate fighting for the legal rights of marginalized individuals for more than 25 years. Fredda has represented the accused and the accuser, the abused and the abuser, the privileged and the poor equally and provides a rare, balanced perspective of the court to provide the fairness, compassion and experience needed as a Judge.
Thomas (Tip) McCabe
Judge, Court of Common PleasThomas (Tip) McCabe focused his law practice in Chester County, first as an Assistant Public Defender, and later as court appointed counsel for the indigent. As a private practitioner, he has handled matters ranging from civil litigation, landlord/tenant matters, guardianships, land use and municipa...Read More

Thomas (Tip) McCabe
Thomas (Tip) McCabe focused his law practice in Chester County, first as an Assistant Public Defender, and later as court appointed counsel for the indigent. As a private practitioner, he has handled matters ranging from civil litigation, landlord/tenant matters, guardianships, land use and municipal law, juvenile law, appellate law, and pro bono custody matters through the Chester County Bar Association's Access to Justice Program. Thomas served as Solicitor for the Elk Township Zoning Hearing Board and as an Arbitration Panel Member deciding civil matters less than $50,000.00. He is Chair of CCBA Criminal Defense Section, and Co-Chair of CCBA Civil Litigation Section.
Sarah Black
Judge, Court of Common PleasWhile maintaining full-time employment as a child support conciliator, Sarah Black attended Widener University School of Law at night. She also clerked for two civil firms specializing in personal injury and contractual litigation. Upon graduation, she worked as a family law sole practitioner. She...Read More

Sarah Black
While maintaining full-time employment as a child support conciliator, Sarah Black attended Widener University School of Law at night. She also clerked for two civil firms specializing in personal injury and contractual litigation. Upon graduation, she worked as a family law sole practitioner. She has been a public defender in Pennsylvania for fourteen years, the last nine of which have been at the Chester County Public Defender’s Office. As a practicing trial attorney appearing before judges and juries, certified to defend death penalty cases, she appears in the courtroom daily providing zealous advocacy to marginalized populations. She is heavily involved in community service projects in her hometown of West Chester, where she resides with her husband, Paul, and rescue dog, Jack.
Deb Ryan
Judge, Court of Common Pleas

Deb Ryan
Deb Ryan has dedicated her entire 24-year career as an attorney to public service as a prosecutor, advocate for children, and as District Attorney. In 2019, she was elected as the first woman and first Democrat DA in our county’s history. Deb has successfully handled thousands of cases in the Court of Common Pleas including homicides, child abuse, domestic violence, and sexual assaults. As a judge, she will be committed to the integrity of the courts, the protection of individual rights, and the due process of law.

Nicole Forzato
Judge Nicole Forzato is serving on the Court of Common Pleas, after being appointed to the bench by Governor Wolf in 2022. Before her appointment, Judge Forzato was the first female and first democrat chief legal officer of Chester County. During her over twenty year legal career, she gained extensive litigation experience in civil, criminal and orphans court matters. She worked alongside Governor Shapiro for eight years in different roles including as a Senior Deputy Attorney General.

Fredda Maddox
With a legacy of serving the Chester County community, Sheriff Maddox has protected our families and has been a tireless advocate fighting for the legal rights of marginalized individuals for more than 25 years. Fredda has represented the accused and the accuser, the abused and the abuser, the privileged and the poor equally and provides a rare, balanced perspective of the court to provide the fairness, compassion and experience needed as a Judge.

Thomas (Tip) McCabe
Thomas (Tip) McCabe focused his law practice in Chester County, first as an Assistant Public Defender, and later as court appointed counsel for the indigent. As a private practitioner, he has handled matters ranging from civil litigation, landlord/tenant matters, guardianships, land use and municipal law, juvenile law, appellate law, and pro bono custody matters through the Chester County Bar Association's Access to Justice Program. Thomas served as Solicitor for the Elk Township Zoning Hearing Board and as an Arbitration Panel Member deciding civil matters less than $50,000.00. He is Chair of CCBA Criminal Defense Section, and Co-Chair of CCBA Civil Litigation Section.

Sarah Black
While maintaining full-time employment as a child support conciliator, Sarah Black attended Widener University School of Law at night. She also clerked for two civil firms specializing in personal injury and contractual litigation. Upon graduation, she worked as a family law sole practitioner. She has been a public defender in Pennsylvania for fourteen years, the last nine of which have been at the Chester County Public Defender’s Office. As a practicing trial attorney appearing before judges and juries, certified to defend death penalty cases, she appears in the courtroom daily providing zealous advocacy to marginalized populations. She is heavily involved in community service projects in her hometown of West Chester, where she resides with her husband, Paul, and rescue dog, Jack.
Upcoming Election
May 16, 2023 is the Primary Election
Polls are open on Election Day from:
7:00 AM to 8:00 PM
Last day to register to vote before Primary Election:
May 1, 2023
Last day to request a mail-in or absentee ballot:
May 9, 2023

Register To Vote
You can also change your voting address, or change your party.
NOTE TO 17-YEAR OLDS
If you will turn 18 by general Election Day in November, you can register to vote before the primary and VOTE IN THE PRIMARY.
You can register or change your party or address of registration any time between the day after one primary or general election and 15 days before the next election.
When can you change your registration?
You can register or change your party or address of registration any time between the day after one primary or general election and 15 days before the next election.

Vote By Mail or Drop Box
Voting by mail-in or absentee ballot is safe, secure, and easy.
Drop Box Locations
There will be convenient drop-box locations throughout the county. See locations/times here.
You may drop your ballot off at Chester County Voter Services at 601 Westtown Rd, Suite 150, West Chester, PA 19380-0990. The dropbox in the lobby is available until 8pm on Election Day.
Applying to Vote By Mail or Absentee
You can apply online for your vote by mail ballot or call 1-877-VOTESPA.
While you may apply to vote by mail as late as 5:00 pm on the Tuesday prior to the election, It is best to apply as early as possible!
All further vote by mail questions, go to the Pennsylvania Voting Website.
IMPORTANT:
- You must apply for an absentee or mail-in ballot for each election (both primary and general), unless you have requested an annual ballot (an annual ballot request must be renewed each calendar year; you will receive a reminder by mail every February.
- You can also download, print and complete a mail-in paper application, or you can pick up a blank application form in person (bring identification) at Voter Services, 601 Westtown Rd, Suite 150, West Chester, PA 19380.
- If you apply online and enter a driver’s license or PennDot ID number, indicate your name as it appears on that state ID.
- On the written application, your municipality is the political entity where you live (e.g., West Goshen), not your postal address (which, for West Goshen, would be West Chester). “Ward” applies to just a few municipalities, e.g., West Chester ward 3. “Voting district” refers to precinct number, which for that ward is 835. But those answers are not essential.
Note: If you have applied for your ballot online and included an e-mail address, you will receive notifications when your:
• application is processed
• ballot is sent
• voted ballot is received by Voter Services
Status of your Application
You may check the status of your ballot at the Department of State website.
The Results will be one of the following:
• No Record means you haven’t applied yet or that your ballot has yet to be processed. It may take up to 10-14 business days from the time you submit your application for processing.
• Pending means your application was received and approved, but that your ballot has not been mailed yet.
• Processed means your application was received and approved, and your ballot has been mailed.
• Vote Recorded means Voter Services has received your ballot and recorded your vote.
You may also call Chester County Voter Services at 610-344-6410.
Note: It may take a week or more once you apply for your status to be updated.
Completing your ballot
When you are filling out the ballot, be sure to follow instructions precisely. Use one ballpoint pen with black ink.
Pennsylvania no longer has straight party voting. You must vote for every office individually. All races are important! Please vote your whole ballot. Do your homework online (one of the advantages of voting by mail: you can check the internet as you vote).
You have to return 3 items (see what they look like in this PA Dems video, source of image of completed back of outside envelope).
- The completed ballot inside…
- The inner “secrecy” envelope labeled OFFICIAL ELECTION BALLOT (do not write anything on it; seal it) inside…
- The outer envelope, must be signed and dated.
DO NOT TAPE or REOPEN your ballot. If you have made a mistake with your ballot, please contact voter services.
Sending your ballot
Voter Services must receive your filled-out ballot by Election Day. You can drop it in a drop box by 8:00 pm on Election Day.
Postmarks on Election Day will not be counted. Your ballot must reach voter services by Election Day. If you wish to send your ballot by mail, follow the completing your ballot instructions and place it in the mailbox. Or, pay extra to use a company like UPS or FedEx. Put your ballot inside its 2 envelopes and then place it inside the commercial envelope.
Did not receive Mail-In Ballot
If you have your mail ballot, but did not mail it or drop it off, you can still vote at the polls by taking your full packet (ballot and 2 envelopes) to your polling place on Election Day. You will ask for it to be voided and a regular ballot will be issued to you. If you don’t bring the needed parts, then you can still vote provisionally (this option is not ideal). Take identification just in case.
If you aren’t sure if you sent your ballot in time and did not drop it off, you can also go to your polling place on Election Day. If the County receives your mail-in ballot on time, that ballot will count. If not, ask to vote in person.
Absentee Voting
If you qualify as an absentee voter, you must vote by absentee ballot. You will need to indicate your reason, either
• I will be absent from my municipality
• I have an illness or physical disability
Otherwise, the process is the same as for mail-in voting.
Apply for absentee ballot now.
There is also a provision for emergency absentee voting if a sudden emergency (like being hospitalized) after the absentee ballot application deadline prevents you from going to the polls as planned. Download the application form and the authorization form.
Vote at the Polls
On Election Day, polls are open from 7AM to 8PM.
WHEN IS ELECTION DAY?
In 2023, the Primary Election for Democrats and Republicans to choose who goes on their November ballot is May 16. November 7, 2023 is the next General Election.
- In a presidential election year, the primary is in April. In all other election years, the primary is in May.
- The general election is always the Tuesday after the first Monday in November of that year.
- Polls are open for in-person voting from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Election Day.
- If there is a line at 8pm, and you are in the line at 8 p.m., you will be allowed to vote, no matter how long it takes.
WHERE DO I VOTE
HOW DO I VOTE?
See the video on how our voting machines work. Chester County led the way in Pennsylvania on using optical scan sheets, which means that in the case of a recount, all ballots can be physically inspected and the electronic count corrected as warranted.
Pennsylvania no longer has straight party voting. You must vote for every office individually. All races are important! Please vote your whole ballot. Do your homework online and talk with Dem greeters and pick up their handouts before going in to vote.
IDENTIFICATION
You need a valid form of identification (preferably, driver’s license or other photo ID. You may use photo student ID card, utility bill, bank statement, etc.) only if you haven’t voted as a resident of your current precinct before. It is not correct to say “if you have not voted before in PA” or “in your current polling place” (the physical location can change; it is the precinct that counts). Call 833-728-6837 if you believe a polling official is requesting identification erroneously.
Note: With a first-time voter absentee vote application, send a photocopy of one of those items. In both cases, photo ID works best.
EARLY IN-PERSON VOTING
If you are a registered Pennsylvania voter, you can use the early, in-person voting option. Between the time that ballots are ready and the last day to request a mail-in or absentee ballot a week before an election, you can request, receive, vote and cast your mail-in or absentee ballot all in one visit to your county election board or other designated location. With this option, there is no need for mail at all, and you can cast your vote at your convenience.
Learn more about early voting.
Note that this option may require spending extra time in the County Voter Services office and is not available after the last day to request a vote-by-mail ballot.
WHAT IS A PROVISIONAL BALLOT?
While this is not optimal, you may cast a provisional ballot, which may or not be counted if you are turned down for a regular ballot. This is why it’s important to be sure you know your correct polling place before you go to vote. Click here to find your polling location. Details provided by Chesco Voter Services, 11/15:
Provisional Ballot Regs:
25 P.S. §3050
A provisional ballot is used to record a vote when there is a question regarding a voter’s eligibility. The voter has the right to vote by provisional ballot if:
- Their name does not appear in the poll book or supplemental list and is not able to be determined their registration status immediately.
- The poll book indicates ID REQUIRED in the poll book signature block and the voter is unable to show proper ID (ID needed when first time voting in that precinct).
- If the voter is challenged based on their registration and they are unable to complete the Challenge Affidavit.
- The voter is accidentally in the wrong precinct and does not have enough time to vote at their correct precinct.
- Only those contests that match the voter’s original precinct ballot will be counted.
- If the voter “intentionally and willfully” went to the wrong precinct to try and cast a vote, it will not be counted. (this happens often when voters assume it is ok to try to vote in a different precinct because it is more convenient to them)
- If the voter uses a Provisional Ballot but fails to sign it, or if their signature is determined to be fraudulent or not match their registration record, it will not count.
*In all cases the Judge of Elections should call Voter Services before issuing a Provision ballot. VS will research the situation and determine the voter’s registration status first.
Register To Vote
You can also change your voting address, or change your party.
Vote By Mail or Drop Box
Voting by mail-in or absentee ballot is safe, secure, and easy.
Vote at the Polls
On Election Day, polls are open from 7AM to 8PM.
NOTE TO 17-YEAR OLDS
If you will turn 18 by general Election Day in November, you can register to vote before the primary and VOTE IN THE PRIMARY.
You can register or change your party or address of registration any time between the day after one primary or general election and 15 days before the next election.
When can you change your registration?
You can register or change your party or address of registration any time between the day after one primary or general election and 15 days before the next election.
Drop Box Locations
There will be convenient drop-box locations throughout the county. See locations/times here.
You may drop your ballot off at Chester County Voter Services at 601 Westtown Rd, Suite 150, West Chester, PA 19380-0990. The dropbox in the lobby is available until 8pm on Election Day.
Applying to Vote By Mail or Absentee
You can apply online for your vote by mail ballot or call 1-877-VOTESPA.
While you may apply to vote by mail as late as 5:00 pm on the Tuesday prior to the election, It is best to apply as early as possible!
All further vote by mail questions, go to the Pennsylvania Voting Website.
IMPORTANT:
- You must apply for an absentee or mail-in ballot for each election (both primary and general), unless you have requested an annual ballot (an annual ballot request must be renewed each calendar year; you will receive a reminder by mail every February.
- You can also download, print and complete a mail-in paper application, or you can pick up a blank application form in person (bring identification) at Voter Services, 601 Westtown Rd, Suite 150, West Chester, PA 19380.
- If you apply online and enter a driver’s license or PennDot ID number, indicate your name as it appears on that state ID.
- On the written application, your municipality is the political entity where you live (e.g., West Goshen), not your postal address (which, for West Goshen, would be West Chester). “Ward” applies to just a few municipalities, e.g., West Chester ward 3. “Voting district” refers to precinct number, which for that ward is 835. But those answers are not essential.
Note: If you have applied for your ballot online and included an e-mail address, you will receive notifications when your:
• application is processed
• ballot is sent
• voted ballot is received by Voter Services
Status of your Application
You may check the status of your ballot at the Department of State website.
The Results will be one of the following:
• No Record means you haven’t applied yet or that your ballot has yet to be processed. It may take up to 10-14 business days from the time you submit your application for processing.
• Pending means your application was received and approved, but that your ballot has not been mailed yet.
• Processed means your application was received and approved, and your ballot has been mailed.
• Vote Recorded means Voter Services has received your ballot and recorded your vote.
You may also call Chester County Voter Services at 610-344-6410.
Note: It may take a week or more once you apply for your status to be updated.
Completing your ballot
When you are filling out the ballot, be sure to follow instructions precisely. Use one ballpoint pen with black ink.
Pennsylvania no longer has straight party voting. You must vote for every office individually. All races are important! Please vote your whole ballot. Do your homework online (one of the advantages of voting by mail: you can check the internet as you vote).
You have to return 3 items (see what they look like in this PA Dems video, source of image of completed back of outside envelope).
- The completed ballot inside…
- The inner “secrecy” envelope labeled OFFICIAL ELECTION BALLOT (do not write anything on it; seal it) inside…
- The outer envelope, must be signed and dated.
DO NOT TAPE or REOPEN your ballot. If you have made a mistake with your ballot, please contact voter services.
Sending your ballot
Voter Services must receive your filled-out ballot by Election Day. You can drop it in a drop box by 8:00 pm on Election Day.
Postmarks on Election Day will not be counted. Your ballot must reach voter services by Election Day. If you wish to send your ballot by mail, follow the completing your ballot instructions and place it in the mailbox. Or, pay extra to use a company like UPS or FedEx. Put your ballot inside its 2 envelopes and then place it inside the commercial envelope.
Did not receive Mail-In Ballot
If you have your mail ballot, but did not mail it or drop it off, you can still vote at the polls by taking your full packet (ballot and 2 envelopes) to your polling place on Election Day. You will ask for it to be voided and a regular ballot will be issued to you. If you don’t bring the needed parts, then you can still vote provisionally (this option is not ideal). Take identification just in case.
If you aren’t sure if you sent your ballot in time and did not drop it off, you can also go to your polling place on Election Day. If the County receives your mail-in ballot on time, that ballot will count. If not, ask to vote in person.
Absentee Voting
If you qualify as an absentee voter, you must vote by absentee ballot. You will need to indicate your reason, either
• I will be absent from my municipality
• I have an illness or physical disability
Otherwise, the process is the same as for mail-in voting.
Apply for absentee ballot now.
There is also a provision for emergency absentee voting if a sudden emergency (like being hospitalized) after the absentee ballot application deadline prevents you from going to the polls as planned. Download the application form and the authorization form.
WHEN IS ELECTION DAY?
In 2023, the Primary Election for Democrats and Republicans to choose who goes on their November ballot is May 16. November 7, 2023 is the next General Election.
- In a presidential election year, the primary is in April. In all other election years, the primary is in May.
- The general election is always the Tuesday after the first Monday in November of that year.
- Polls are open for in-person voting from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Election Day.
- If there is a line at 8pm, and you are in the line at 8 p.m., you will be allowed to vote, no matter how long it takes.
WHERE DO I VOTE
HOW DO I VOTE?
See the video on how our voting machines work. Chester County led the way in Pennsylvania on using optical scan sheets, which means that in the case of a recount, all ballots can be physically inspected and the electronic count corrected as warranted.
Pennsylvania no longer has straight party voting. You must vote for every office individually. All races are important! Please vote your whole ballot. Do your homework online and talk with Dem greeters and pick up their handouts before going in to vote.
IDENTIFICATION
You need a valid form of identification (preferably, driver’s license or other photo ID. You may use photo student ID card, utility bill, bank statement, etc.) only if you haven’t voted as a resident of your current precinct before. It is not correct to say “if you have not voted before in PA” or “in your current polling place” (the physical location can change; it is the precinct that counts). Call 833-728-6837 if you believe a polling official is requesting identification erroneously.
Note: With a first-time voter absentee vote application, send a photocopy of one of those items. In both cases, photo ID works best.
EARLY IN-PERSON VOTING
If you are a registered Pennsylvania voter, you can use the early, in-person voting option. Between the time that ballots are ready and the last day to request a mail-in or absentee ballot a week before an election, you can request, receive, vote and cast your mail-in or absentee ballot all in one visit to your county election board or other designated location. With this option, there is no need for mail at all, and you can cast your vote at your convenience.
Learn more about early voting.
Note that this option may require spending extra time in the County Voter Services office and is not available after the last day to request a vote-by-mail ballot.
WHAT IS A PROVISIONAL BALLOT?
While this is not optimal, you may cast a provisional ballot, which may or not be counted if you are turned down for a regular ballot. This is why it’s important to be sure you know your correct polling place before you go to vote. Click here to find your polling location. Details provided by Chesco Voter Services, 11/15:
Provisional Ballot Regs:
25 P.S. §3050
A provisional ballot is used to record a vote when there is a question regarding a voter’s eligibility. The voter has the right to vote by provisional ballot if:
- Their name does not appear in the poll book or supplemental list and is not able to be determined their registration status immediately.
- The poll book indicates ID REQUIRED in the poll book signature block and the voter is unable to show proper ID (ID needed when first time voting in that precinct).
- If the voter is challenged based on their registration and they are unable to complete the Challenge Affidavit.
- The voter is accidentally in the wrong precinct and does not have enough time to vote at their correct precinct.
- Only those contests that match the voter’s original precinct ballot will be counted.
- If the voter “intentionally and willfully” went to the wrong precinct to try and cast a vote, it will not be counted. (this happens often when voters assume it is ok to try to vote in a different precinct because it is more convenient to them)
- If the voter uses a Provisional Ballot but fails to sign it, or if their signature is determined to be fraudulent or not match their registration record, it will not count.
*In all cases the Judge of Elections should call Voter Services before issuing a Provision ballot. VS will research the situation and determine the voter’s registration status first.